![]() In the U.S., voters select their president and vice president indirectly through the Electoral College. There are several more steps in order to certify presidential election results, starting with the Electoral College. Since the other Republican member did not succumb to mounting GOP pressure, the board reached its three-fourths threshold to certify the results and sent them to the governor and secretary of state for an official signature. Once again, one of the two Republican members of the state board refused to certify the results by abstaining. These members ultimately reversed their decision, agreeing to the results that they then sent to the Michigan State Canvassing Board. Under pressure from Donald Trump and the Republican party, GOP members on a bipartisan canvassing board in Michigan’s largest county initially refused to certify the election results. Vulnerability: The 2020 election illustrated how local and state officials can refuse to certify results.Įven though President Joe Biden secured a clear victory in Michigan in 2020, the aftermath of that election demonstrated what can go wrong. House or Senate results and a certificate of ascertainment for presidential results. The exact procedures and deadlines vary by state, but the election officials, secretary of state or governor must sign a certificate of election in the case of U.S. While the canvass counts and confirms the ballots cast, the certification finalizes the results based on the canvass. Next, the certification of election results is conducted at the state level, either by a state board of elections or the state’s chief elections officer (in 47 states, that’s the secretary of state). Officials then process provisional ballots and conduct a “canvass” - the tabulating, double-checking and transmitting of the results from the local jurisdiction to the state. After the polls close, local election officials are responsible for counting ballots, including mail-in ballots (in some states, mail-in ballots are accepted several days after Election Day if postmarked beforehand). ![]() There are more than 10,000 election administration jurisdictions in the U.S., ranging from small towns with a few hundred registered voters to Los Angeles County with over 5.6 million registered voters.Ĭonsequently, the local officials who handle the day-to-day operations of elections are also the first juncture in the post-election process. The first steps of election certification take place on the local level, then the state level.Įlection administration in the United States is highly decentralized each state has different rules for whether local election administration is handled at the county, city or town level and whether elections are run by a single individual, board of commissioners or a combination of the two. In this Explainer, we outline how election results are certified - starting with local and state election officials and in the case of presidential races, going all the way to Congress - and highlight the points throughout this process that are most vulnerable to bad actors seeking to subvert elections. Today, however, we’re taking a look at what happens after Election Day. ![]() There is an immense amount of focus - and, rightfully so - on the rules that govern voting and ensure voters have access to the ballot box. ![]()
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